Matches in NKOD SPARQL for { ?s <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#definition> ?o ?g. }
- NSI definition "Nigerian Sign Language is a sign language used in Nigeria. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- NSK definition "Naskapi (also known as Iyuw Iyimuun in the Naskapi language) is an Algonquian language spoken by the Naskapi in Quebec and Labrador, Canada. It is written in Eastern Cree syllabics. Naskapi is a language belonging to the Cree–Montagnais–Naskapi linguistic continuum, which is part of the Central branch of the Algonquian languages of the Algic family of languages. Naskapi remains unique and distinct from all other language varieties in the Quebec-Labrador peninsula." language.
- NSL definition "Norwegian Sign Language is a sign language used in Norway. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- NSO definition "Northern Sotho is a Bantu language. It is one of the official languages of South Africa." language.
- NSP definition "Nepalese Sign Language is a sign language used in Nepal. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- NSR definition "Maritime Sign Language is a sign language used in Canada’s Atlantic provinces. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- NTJ definition "Ngaanyatjarra is a Pama-Nyungan language spoken in the western desert region of Australia. It is one of the Wati languages. The name Wati tends to be used when considering the various varieties to be distinct languages, Western Desert when considering them dialects of a single language. Ngaanyatjarra is most closely related to Pitjantjatjara (pjt) and to Yankunytjatjara (kdd). The Pama–Nyungan languages are the most widespread family of Australian Aboriginal languages, comprising over 300 of the approximately 400 Aboriginal languages of Australia." language.
- NUG definition "Nungali, or Yilngali, is an Australian Aboriginal language within the Yirram sub-branch, which is believed to be extinct. It was spoken in the Northern Territory of Australia, around the upper Daly River. Nungali is not related to the Pama-Nyungan language family that spans the majority of Australia; however, it is a relative of Djamindjung. Both belong to the Mirndi language family." language.
- NUI definition "Ngumbi is a Southern Bantoid language spoken in Cameroon and Equatorial Guinea. Together with other Bengaic languages (BNM, BNG, NUI) and Dualaic languages (DUA, MZD, KME, ISU, OLB), it belongs to the Sawabantu group, which is classified within the Volta-Congo primary branch. Like other Bantu languages, Ngumbi has a noun class system, a characteristic feature of languages belonging to the Atlantic–Congo lineage, the largest demonstrated language family in Africa." language.
- NXQ definition "Naxi, also known as Nakhi or Nasi, is a Na-Qiangic language spoken mainly in Lijiang, Zhongdian, Weixi and Yongsheng counties in Yunnan, China. It is classified within the Tibeto-Burman branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family, one of the world’s largest language families by number of speakers. Naxi is most closely related to other Naic languages such as Namuyi (nmy), Narua (nru) and Shuhi (sxg). One of the main characteristics of the Sino-Tibetan languages is tonality. Naxi has four tones." language.
- NYA definition "Le chichewa, chewa, tchinyanja ou nyanja est une langue bantu parlée au Malawi et une langue minoritaire reconnue dans l’est de la Zambie et dans la province de Tete au Mozambique. Il s’agit également d’une langue minoritaire dans le nord-est du Zimbabwe. Au Malawi, le nom de tchinyanja a été officiellement changé en chichewa en 1968 à la demande insistante du président Hastings Kamuzu Banda et reste le nom le plus couramment utilisé au Malawi aujourd’hui. En Zambie, nyanja reste la dénomination privilégiée, et le nyanja urbain (nyanja de Lusaka) est plutôt divergent, influencé par les autres langues parlées à Lusaka. Le chichewa appartient au groupe du bantou dit «étroit», qui est classé dans la branche des langues voltaïco-congolaises. À l’instar d’autres langues bantoues, le chichewa possède un système de classes nominales, caractéristique des langues appartenant à la branche des langues atlantico-congolaises, la plus grande famille de langues dont la parenté est démontrée en Afrique." language.
- NYA definition "Chichewa or Chewa or Chinyanja or Nyanja is a Bantu language spoken in Malawi and a recognised minority language in Eastern Zambia and Tete province of Mozambique. It is a minority language also in northeastern Zimbabwe. In Malawi, the name was officially changed from Chinyanja to Chichewa in 1968 at the insistence of President Hastings Kamuzu Banda, and is still the name most commonly used in Malawi today. In Zambia, Nyanja is still the preferred name, and Town Nyanja (Lusaka Nyanja) is rather divergent, under the influence of other languages in Lusaka. Chichewa belongs to the Narrow Bantu group, which is classified within the Volta-Congo branch. Like other Bantu languages, Chichewa has a noun class system, a characteristic feature of languages belonging to the Atlantic–Congo lineage, the largest demonstrated language family in Africa." language.
- NYH definition "Nyikina is an endangered Australian Aboriginal language spoken by the Nyikina people in northern Western Australia. It is closely related to the extinct Warrwa language. Both belong to the small Nyulnyulan language family. Most languages in this family are extinct, with only three extant languages, all of which are almost extinct" language.
- NYS definition "Nyungar is a dormant Australian Aboriginal language spoken in the south-west corner of Western Australia, from Geraldton on the west coast to Esperance on the south coast. There are 14 different groups in the Nyungar cultural bloc. They descend from people who spoke several languages and dialects that were often mutually intelligible. What is now classified as the Nyungar language is a member of the large Pama–Nyungan language family. Contemporary Nyungar speak Australian Aboriginal English laced with Nyungar words and occasionally inflected by its grammar." language.
- NYX definition "Nganyaywana is an extinct Pama-Nyungan language, once spoken in the Macleay Valley in New South Wales, Australia. Nganyaywana is closely related to Dyangadi, and both have been called the Macleay Valley languages. The Pama–Nyungan languages are the most widespread family of Australian Aboriginal languages, comprising over 300 of the approximately 400 Aboriginal languages of Australia." language.
- NZD definition "Nzadi is a Bantu language spoken in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Together with Ngul (also Ngwii), Lwel and Ding, it belongs to the West-Coastal Bantu group, which is classified within the Volta-Congo primary branch. Like other Bantu languages, Nzadi has a noun class system, a characteristic feature of languages belonging to the Atlantic–Congo lineage, the largest demonstrated language family in Africa." language.
- NZR definition "Dir-Nyamzak-Mbarimi, consisting of Dir, Nyamzak (or Langas) and Mbarimi (or Baram), is an Afro-Asiatic language group of Bauchi State, Nigeria. It is part of the Barawa cluster, which is in turn part of the West Chadic branch. Its closest related language varieties are Pesse, Zul, Buli and the extinct Luri. Together, they form the Polci-Luri group." language.
- NZS definition "New Zealand Sign Language is a sign language used in New Zealand. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- OCI definition "L’occitan est le nom générique pour les idiomes romans originaires principalement du sud de la France. Il y a polémique sur l’unité de la langue, certains pensant que l’occitan est une macrolangue. Il n’y a pas de langue écrite standard intitulée «occitan», et l’occitan n’a pas de statut officiel en France, qui abrite la majeure partie de l’Occitanie." language.
- OCI definition "Occitan is the generic name for Romance idioms which are native mainly to southern France. There are polemics about the unity of the language, as some think that Occitan is a macrolanguage. There is no single written standard language called ‘Occitan’, and Occitan has no official status in France, home to most of Occitania." language.
- OLA definition "Walungge language is spoken by Walungge people in Nepal and Tibet. It has 71% lexical similarity with the Lhasa Tibetan. Clark (2019) places it in a group which he calls ‘WDT Bhote,’ where the three varieties are Walungge, Thudam, and Dhokpya. The speakers of these varieties reside in Taplejung and Sankhuwasabha in Province No. 1, Nepal, although some speakers reported areas outside of those districts, including in Tibet and in India, where the language is also spoken. In the classification, Walungge is placed in the Central Tibetan branch and more specifically in the South-Western Tibetic branch." language.
- OLO definition "Livvi-Karelian (or Liygi, Livvi, Livvikovian, Olonets, Southern Olonetsian) is a supradialect of Karelian, which is a Finnic language of the Uralic family, spoken by Olonets Karelians (self-appellation livvi, livgilaizet), traditionally inhabiting the area between Ladoga and Onega lakes, northward of Svir River." language.
- OSS definition "L’ossète iron, ou tout simplement l’iron, ou l’ossète, fait partie du sous-groupe iranien des langues indo-européennes, la plus grande famille de langues au monde en nombre de locuteurs natifs. L’ossète iron est parlé en Ossétie, une région du Caucase du Nord. La majorité des Ossétiens parle l’iron, notamment dans les parties orientale, méridionale et centrale de l’Ossétie du Nord-Alanie, tandis qu’à l’occident, le digor est le dialecte le plus répandu. Le dialecte iron est à la base de la langue ossète écrite depuis la suppression du digor normalisé en 1939." language.
- OSS definition "Iron Ossetic or Iron Ossetian or simply Iron, Ossetic or Ossetian, is a member of the Iranian subgroup of the Indo-European languages, the world’s largest language family by number of native speakers. Iron Ossetic is spoken in Ossetia, a region on the northern Caucasus. The majority of Ossetians speak Iron, notably in the east, south and central parts of North Ossetia–Alania, while in the west the Digor dialect is more prevalent. The Iron dialect has been the basis of the Ossetian written language since the abolition of the Digor standard in 1939." language.
- PAN definition "Punjabi is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by over 100 million native speakers worldwide. It is the native language of the Punjabi people in India and Pakistan. Punjabi is written in both the Shahmukhi and the Gurmukhi scripts." language.
- PAP definition "Papiamento is a Portugal-based creol language. It is one of the official languages of Aruba and Curaçao." language.
- PAU definition "Palauan is a Malayo-Polynesian language. It is one of the official languages of Palau." language.
- PBM definition "Puebla Mazatec (pbm) is a Mazatecan language of the Oto-Manguean language family, spoken in the Mexican state of Puebla. It is closely related to San Jerónimo Tecóatl Mazatec (maa). Like other Oto-Manguean languages, it is tonal. It also stands out by having a more analytic structure than other Mesoamerican languages." language.
- PCP definition "Pacahuara is a Panoan indigenous language. It is one of the official languages of Bolivia." language.
- PFE definition "Pere or Peere is a Bantu language spoken in Cameroon. It belongs to the Cameroon-Ubangian sub-branch within the Volta-Congo primary branch. Like other Bantu languages, Pere has a noun class system, a characteristic feature of languages belonging to the Atlantic–Congo lineage, the largest demonstrated language family in Africa." language.
- PIH definition "Pitcairn-Norfolk is an English-based creole language. It is one of the official languages of Pitcairn Island and Norfolk Island." language.
- PJT definition "Pitjantjatjara is a Pama-Nyungan language spoken in the western desert region of Australia. It is one of the Wati languages. The name Wati tends to be used when considering the various varieties to be distinct languages, Western Desert when considering them dialects of a single language. Pitjantjatjara is most closely related to Ngaanyatjarra (ntj) and to Yankunytjatjara (kdd). The Pama–Nyungan languages are the most widespread family of Australian Aboriginal languages, comprising over 300 of the approximately 400 Aboriginal languages of Australia." language.
- PKS definition "Pakistan Sign Language is a sign language used in Pakistan. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- PND definition "Mpinda is a narrow Bantu language spoken in the north-west of Angola. Together with Kimbundu (kmb) and Kibala (blv), it belongs to the Mbundu group, which is classified within the Volta-Congo primary branch. Like other Bantu languages, Mpinda has a noun class system, a characteristic feature of languages belonging to the Atlantic–Congo lineage, the largest demonstrated language family in Africa." language.
- PNW definition "Banyjima, also known as Panytyima, is an endangered Australian Aboriginal language spoken in the Hamersley Range, in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. Panyjima is classified as a member of the Ngayarta branch of the Pama–Nyungan languages. It is closely related to Yinhawangka (ywg). The Pama–Nyungan languages are the most widespread family of Australian Aboriginal languages, comprising over 300 of the approximately 400 Aboriginal languages of Australia." language.
- POL definition "Le polonais fait partie de la branche léchitique des langues slaves de l’Ouest. Il est parlé principalement en Pologne. Le polonais est la deuxième langue slave la plus utilisée après le russe." language.
- POL definition "Polish is the eastern member of the Lechitic branch of the West Slavic languages. It is spoken primarily in Poland.Polish is the second most widely spoken Slavic language, after Russian." language.
- POR definition "Le portugais est une langue appartenant au sous-groupe ibéro-roman des langues romanes. Il est parlé au Portugal, au Brésil, au Mozambique, en Angola, au Cap-Vert, en Guinée-Bissau, à Sao Tomé-et-Principe, à Macao (Chine), en Guinée équatoriale et au Timor-Oriental.Le portugais est la langue la plus parlée de l’hémisphère Sud." language.
- POR definition "Portuguese is a member of the Ibero-Romance subgroup of the Romance languages. It is spoken in Portugal, Brazil, Mozambique, Angola, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, São Tomé and Príncipe, Macau (China), Equatorial Guinea and East Timor.Portuguese is the major language of the southern hemisphere." language.
- PRL definition "Peruvian Sign Language is a sign language used in Peru. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- PRZ definition "Providencia Sign Language is a village sign language of Providence Island in the Western Caribbean. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- PSC definition "Persian Sign Language is a sign language used in Iran. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- PSD definition "Plains Indian Sign Language is a trade language (or international auxiliary language) that was once the lingua franca across central Canada, central and western United States and northern Mexico, used among the various Plains Nations. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- PSG definition "Penang Sign Language is a sign language used in Malaysia. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- PSL definition "Puerto Rican Sign Language is a sign language used in Puerto Rico. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- PSM definition "Pauserna is a Tupian indigenous language. It is one of the official languages of Bolivia." language.
- PSO definition "Polish Sign Language is a sign language used in Poland. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- PSP definition "Philippine Sign Language is a sign language used in the Philippines. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- PSR definition "Portuguese Sign Language is a sign language used in Portugal. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- PTI definition "Pindiini, also known as Wangkatha, is a Pama-Nyungan language spoken in the western desert region of Australia. It is one of the Wati languages. The name Wati tends to be used when considering the various varieties to be distinct languages, Western Desert when considering them dialects of a single language. The Pama–Nyungan languages are the most widespread family of Australian Aboriginal languages, comprising over 300 of the approximately 400 Aboriginal languages of Australia." language.
- PUQ definition "Puquina is an indigenous language isolate. It is one of the official languages of Bolivia." language.
- PUS definition "Pashto, also known historically as Afghani and Pathani, is the native language of the Pashtun people of south-central Asia. Pashto is a member of the Eastern Iranian languages group.Pashto employs the Pashto alphabet, a modified form of the Persian alphabet, which in part is derived from the Arabic alphabet. It has extra letters for Pashto-specific sounds." language.
- PUS definition "Le pachto est une langue appartenant au groupe indo-iranien de la famille des langues indo-européennes. Les locuteurs du pachto sont les Pachtounes.Cette langue s’écrit au moyen d’un alphabet arabe modifié.Le pachto est composé de deux dialectes principaux, celui de Kandahar et celui de Paktiyâ (ou de Peshawar)." language.
- PZE definition "Pesse is an Afro-Asiatic language of Bauchi State, Nigeria. It is part of the Barawa cluster, which is in turn part of the West Chadic branch. Its closest related language varieties are Zul, Buli, Dir-Nyamzak-Mbarimi and the extinct Luri. Together, they form the Polci-Luri group." language.
- PZN definition "Jejara Naga is a Tibeto-Burman language classified under the Kuki-Chin–Naga sub-branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family. The Jejara Naga, also known as the Para Naga, are one of the major Naga peoples of Myanmar and primarily inhabit the area around Lay Shi Township." language.
- QUE definition "Quechua or Southern Quechua is a Quachuan indigenous language. It is one of the official languages of Bolivia and Peru." language.
- RAR definition "Rarotongan is a Malayo-Polynesian language. It is one of the official languages of the Cook Islands." language.
- REY definition "Reyesano is a Tacanan indigenous language. It is one of the official languages of Bolivia." language.
- RIL definition "Riang Lang is a Palaungic language of Myanmar. It belongs to the Austro-Asiatic language family. Speakers are culturally assimilated with the Karen, but are Palaung by ancestry and their language is unrelated. Riang Lang (Yinnet) and Riang Lai (Yinchia) are sometimes considered distinct languages, sometimes the same language. Like many Austroasiatic languages, Palaungic languages are characterised by prefixation in its clause structure and larger than average vowel inventories." language.
- RIR definition "Ribun is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in Kalimantan, the Indonesian part of Borneo. The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages encompassing approximately 390 million speakers. All major Austronesian languages belong to the Malayo-Polynesian subgroup. Together with closely related Jangkang (djo), Semandang (sdq), Sanggau (scg) and Kembayan (xem) languages, Ribun belongs to the Southern Land Dayak sub-branch. Austronesian languages often possess phoneme inventories smaller than the world average. Two salient morphological characteristics are a system of affixation and reduplication to form new words." language.
- RIT definition "Ritharrngu is a Pama-Nyungan language within the Yolngu sub-branch. It is spoken by the Ritharrngu people, also known as the Diakui, in Arnhem Land in Australia's Northern Territory. The Pama–Nyungan languages are the most widespread family of Australian Aboriginal languages, comprising over 300 of the approximately 400 Aboriginal languages of Australia." language.
- RMB definition "Rembarrnga is an endangered Australian Aboriginal language spoken in the Roper River region of the Northern Territory. The children of Rembarrnga speakers are now learning neighbouring languages such as Kriol in south central Arnhem Land, and Kunwinjku. It is one of the Northern Non-Pama–Nyungan languages, and closely related to to Ngalakgan (NIG). Both are classified within the Gunwinyguan language family." language.
- RMS definition "Romanian Sign Language is a sign language used in Romania. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- RMX definition "Romam belongs to the Bahnaric primary branch of the Austroasiatic language family. It is spoken in the Central Highlands of Vietnam. Together with its closest relative, Kachok, Romam forms the Lamamic group, though the two languages are quite distinct." language.
- ROH definition "Le romanche fait partie du groupe de dialectes rhéto-romans parlés principalement dans le canton des Grisons (sud-est de la Suisse).Le romanche a une forte fragmentation dialectale. Presque chaque village a sa propre langue vernaculaire, et on dénombre cinq dialectes régionaux différents ayant chacun sa forme écrite standardisée." language.
- ROH definition "Romansh is a group of Rhaeto-Romance dialects spoken predominantly in the south-eastern Swiss canton of Grisons.Romansh has a strong dialectal fragmentation. Almost every village has its own vernacular, and five different regional dialects own standardised written form." language.
- ROM definition "Romani (also Romany or Gypsy) is a Balkanised neo-Indo-European language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch. It is spoken principally in Europe by Romani people.The alphabets used in the different varieties of the Romany generally correspond to those countries where the corresponding Roma communities live. The alphabets of use are the Latin, the Cyrillic, the Arabic and the Greek alphabets." language.
- ROM definition "Le romani est une langue néo-indo-européenne balkanisée appartenant à la branche indo-aryenne. Il est parlé principalement en Europe par les Roms.Les alphabets utilisés dans les différentes variantes du romani correspondent généralement à ceux des pays où vivent les communautés roms concernées. Les alphabets utilisés sont le latin, le cyrillique, l’arabe et le grec." language.
- RON definition "Romanian is a Romance language spoken principally in Romania and Moldova. Much of the total Romanian vocabulary is derived from Latin.Romanian has four varieties: Daco-Romanian, Istro-Romanian, Aromanian and Megleno-Romanian." language.
- RON definition "Le roumain est une langue romane parlée principalement en Roumanie et en Moldavie. Une grande partie du vocabulaire roumain total est dérivée du latin.Le roumain possède quatre dialectes: le daco-roumain, l’istro-roumain, l’aroumain et le mégléno-roumain." language.
- RRM definition "Moriori, or ta rē Moriori ('the Moriori language'), is a Polynesian language most closely related to New Zealand Māori. It is part of the Austronesian language family. It is spoken by the Moriori, the indigenous people of New Zealand's Chatham Islands (Rēkohu in Moriori), an archipelago located east of the South Island. Moriori went extinct as a first language at the turn of the 20th century, but revitalisation attempts are ongoing." language.
- RSI definition "Rennellese Sign Language is an extinct sign language used Rennell Island, in Solomon Islands. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- RSL definition "Russian Sign Language is a sign language used in Russia. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- RUN definition "Kirundi is a Bantu language. It is one of the official languages of Burundi." language.
- RUS definition "Le russe est une langue slave orientale et est proche de l’ukrainien et du biélorusse. Le russe est une langue officielle ou non mais parlée dans certains pays qui étaient auparavant des républiques de l’Union soviétique.C’est la langue de l’Eurasie la plus étendue géographiquement et la langue slave la plus parlée.Le russe est écrit avec l’alphabet cyrillique." language.
- RUS definition "Russian is an East Slavic language with a close relation to Ukrainian and Belarusian. It is an official or unofficial but widely spoken language in some countries that were once constituent republics of the Soviet Union.Russian is the most geographically widespread language of Eurasia and the most widely spoken of the Slavic languages.Russian is written by Cyrillic alphabet." language.
- RWL definition "Ruwila, also spelled as Luwira, is a narrow Bantu language spoken in central Tanzania. Together with other Sukuma-Nyamwezi languages it is classified within the Volta-Congo primary branch. Like other Bantu languages, Ruwila has a noun class system, a characteristic feature of languages belonging to the Atlantic–Congo lineage, the largest demonstrated language family in Africa." language.
- RXW definition "Karuwali is a dormant Pama-Nyungan language, tentatively classified within the Karnic sub-branch. It was spoken by the Mithaka people in Queensland, Australia. The Pama–Nyungan languages are the most widespread family of Australian Aboriginal languages, comprising over 300 of the approximately 400 Aboriginal languages of Australia." language.
- RZH definition "Rāziḥī is a possible descendant of Ancient South Arabian and is spoken by about 63 000 people in the vicinity of Mount Razih in the northwestern corner of Yemen. Along with Faifi and Rijal Alma, it is possibly one of the few surviving descendants of the Sayhadic branch and the Ancient South Arabian languages Hadrami, Minaean, Sabaic and Qatrabanian. Along with Berber, Chadic, Cushitic and Egyptian branches, Arabic and other Semitic languages belong to the Afro-Asiatic language family, constituting the fourth-largest language family after Indo-European, Sino-Tibetan, and Niger–Congo." language.
- SAG definition "Sango is a Ngbandi-based creole language. It is one of the official languages of the Central African Republic." language.
- SAN definition "Sanskrit is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages. It arose in northwest South Asia after its predecessor languages had diffused there from the northwest in the late Bronze Age. Sanskrit is the sacred language of Hinduism, the language of classical Hindu philosophy, and of historical texts of Buddhism and Jainism. Upon transmission of Hindu and Buddhist culture to Southeast Asia, East Asia and Central Asia in the early medieval era, it became a language of religion and high culture, and of the political elites in some of these regions. Sanskrit generally connotes several Old Indo-Aryan language varieties and continues to be widely used as a ceremonial and ritual language in Hindu and Buddhist hymns and chants." language.
- SAV definition "Saafi-Saafi is a Cangin language spoken in the area surrounding Dakar, particularly in the Thiès Region, in Senegal. On the higher level, Saafi-Saafi belongs to the Atlantic–Congo lineage, the largest demonstrated language family in Africa. Like other speakers of Cangin languages (Lehar, Noon, Paloor, Ndut), the Saafi-Saafi people are ethnically Serer, but they do not speak Serer-Sine." language.
- SCG definition "Sanggau is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in Kalimantan, the Indonesian part of Borneo. The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages encompassing approximately 390 million speakers. All major Austronesian languages belong to the Malayo-Polynesian subgroup. Together with closely related Ribun (rir), Jangkang (djo), Semandang (sdq) and Kembayan (xem) languages, Sanggau belongs to the Southern Land Dayak sub-branch. Austronesian languages often possess phoneme inventories smaller than the world average. Two salient morphological characteristics are a system of affixation and reduplication to form new words." language.
- SCO definition "Le scots est une langue germanique parlée en Écosse et dans le nord de l’Irlande.Il est reconnu par le Royaume-Uni comme langue régionale de l’Écosse, selon la charte européenne des langues régionales ou minoritaires." language.
- SCO definition "Scots is the Germanic language variety spoken in Lowland Scotland and parts of Ulster.It is a recognised regional language of the United Kingdom, protected under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages." language.
- SCP definition "Hyolmo is a Bodish language spoken by the Yolmo people, predominantly in the Helambu and Melamchi valleys in northern Nuwakot District and northwestern Sindhupalchowk District. It is classified within the Tibeto-Burman branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family, one of the world’s largest language families by number of speakers. Hyolmo is very similar to Kyerung Tibetan and less similar to Standard Tibetan and Sherpa. There are approximately 10 000 Yolmo speakers, although some dialects have larger populations than others." language.
- SDB definition "Shabak is an Indo-Iranian language and belongs to the subgroup Zaza-Gorani of the Northwestern Iranian languages. The Shabaki language is spoken by the Shabak people in the Mosul region of northern Iraq. It is a subdialect of the Kurdish dialect Gorani alongside Hewrami, Sarli, and Bajalan. It also been influenced by Arabic, Turkish and Persian language." language.
- SDF definition "Sarli is an Indo-Iranian language that belongs to the Gorani group of Northwestern Iranian languages. It is spoken in northern Iraq by a cluster of villages north of the Little Zab river, on the confluence of the Khazir River and the Great Zab river, just west-northwest of the city of Kirkuk. It has fewer than 20,000 speakers. Many speakers have been displaced by conflicts in the region. It is reportedly most similar to Bajelani but is also similar to Shabaki." language.
- SDL definition "Saudi Arabian Sign Language is a sign language used in Saudi Arabia. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- SDO definition "Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh is a Dayak language of Borneo. It is closely related to the Bau Bidayuh (sne), Biatah Bidayuh (bth) and Tringgus-Sembaan Bidayuh (trx) languages. Bukar-Sadung Bidayuh belongs to the Malayo-Polyneasian primary branch of the Austronesian language family. Two main morphological characteristics of the Malayo-Polynesian languages are a system of affixation and reduplication to form new words." language.
- SDQ definition "Semandang, or Onya Darat is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken in Kalimantan, the Indonesian part of Borneo. The Malayo-Polynesian languages are a subgroup of the Austronesian languages encompassing approximately 390 million speakers. All major Austronesian languages belong to the Malayo-Polynesian subgroup. Together with closely related Jangkang (djo), Ribun (rir), Sanggau (scg) and Kembayan (xem) languages, Semandang belongs to the Southern Land Dayak sub-branch. Austronesian languages often possess phoneme inventories smaller than the world average. Two salient morphological characteristics are a system of affixation and reduplication to form new words." language.
- SEC definition "Sechelt, also called she shashishalhem, is a Coast Salish language spoken by the Sechelt people of the shíshálh Nation in British Columbia. Originally spoken across the lands (swiya) of the Sechelt people, the language today is nearly extinct; as of 2019 Margaret Joe Dixon was the last native speaker. Sechelt continues to be taught in local elementary schools and in higher education, including Capilano University." language.
- SEH definition "Sena is a Bantu language spoken in Mozambique (Malawian Sena), Malawi (Barwe) and Mozambique (Mozambiquean Sena). Sena is one of the Nyasa languages. Sena is one of Zimbabwe‘s 16 official languages. In Mozambique, it is one of the main vernaculars." language.
- SFS definition "South African Sign Language is a sign language used in South Africa. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- SGG definition "Swiss-German Sign Language is a sign language used in Switzerland by the German-speaking community. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- SGN definition "Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions. Sign languages have been developed for communities of deaf people but are also used by people with speaking disability." language.
- SGX definition "Sierra Leone Sign Language is a sign language used in Sierra Leona. Sign languages are languages which mainly use signs made with the hands, the arms or the body and facial expressions." language.
- SHS definition "Shuswap or secwepemctsín is an interior Salishan language spoken in the Central and Southern Interior of British Columbia between the Fraser River and the Rocky Mountains. The Interior Salish languages have a higher degree of closeness to each other than the more distant Coast Salish languages. Shuswap is an endangered language. According to the First Peoples' Cultural Council 200 people speak Shuswap as a mother tongue." language.
- SIN definition "Le cingalais est une langue appartenant au groupe indo-aryen de la famille des langues indo-européennes. Il est parlé à Sri Lanka.L’alphabet cingalais compte environ 50 lettres dont quelques-unes sont rarement utilisées dans l’écriture moderne." language.
- SIN definition "Sinhala is the native language of the Sinhalese people, who make up the largest ethnic group in Sri Lanka. It belongs to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages.Sinhala has its own writing system, the Sinhala alphabet, which is a member of the Brahmic family of scripts, and a descendant of the ancient Indian Brahmi script." language.